Amateur radio Codes
There are multiple sets of special codes used in amateur radio. You can find these codes in the tables below.
Q code
Q codeThe Q codes have three letters each and all represent an entire sentence. The Q codes can be useful for faster communication.
![Q code](/media/q_codes.png)
92 code
92 codeThe 92 code or Wester Union codes is a series of numbers, each with its own meaning.
![92 code](/media/code_92.png)
RST code
RST codeThe RST code is used to describe the readability, strength and tone of a signal. The code consists of three digits, the first one represents the readability, the second one represents the strength and the last one the tone.
number | readability (R) | strength (S) | tone (T) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Unreadable | Faint sginal, barely percentible | Sixty cycle a.c. or less, very rough and broad |
2 | Barely readable | Very weak | Very rough a.c., very harsh and broad |
3 | Readable with considerable difficulty | Weak | Rough a.c. tone, rectified but not filtered |
4 | Readable with practically no difficulty | Fair | Rough note, some trace of filtering frequency |
5 | Perfectly readable | Fairly good | Filtered rectified a.c. but strongly ripple-modulated |
6 | not used | Good | Filtered tone, definite trace of ripple modulation |
7 | not used | Moderately string | Near pure tone, trace of ripple modulation |
8 | not used | Strong | Near perfect tone, slight trace of modulation |
9 | not used | Very strong signals | Perfect tone, no trace of ripple or modulation |
CW abbreviations
CW abbreviationsThe CW abbreviations are used to shorten a message. There are many abbreviations for many different messages, many of these are rarely used. Most operators do not use these abbreviations as they can be difficult to understand.
![CW abbreviations](/media/cw_abbreviations.png)
NATO phonetic alphabet
NATO phonetic alphabetThe NATO phonetic alphabet describes the pronunciation of the number one to nine and all letters in the English alphabet.
letter | code-word | pronunciation |
---|---|---|
A | Alpha | AL FAH |
B | Bravo | BRA VOH |
C | Charlie | CHAR LEE |
D | Delta | DELL TAH |
E | Echo | ECK OH |
F | Foxtrot | FOKS TROT |
G | Golf | GAHLF |
H | Hotel | HO TELL |
I | India | IN DEE AH |
J | Juliet | JEW LEE ETT |
K | Kilo | KEY LOH |
L | Lima | LEE MAH |
M | Mike | MIKE |
N | November | NO VEM BER |
O | Oscar | OSS CAH |
P | Papa | PAH PAH |
Q | Quebec | KEH BECK |
R | Romeo | ROW ME OH |
S | Sierra | SEE AIR RAH |
T | Tango | TANG GO |
U | Uniform | YOU NEE FORM |
V | Victor | VIK TAH |
W | Whiskey | WISS KEY |
X | X-ray | ECKS RAY |
Y | Yankee | YANG KEY |
Z | Zulu | ZOO LOO |
number | code-word | pronunciation |
0 | Zero | ZE RO |
1 | One | WUN |
2 | Two | TOO |
3 | Three | TREE |
4 | Four | FOW ER |
5 | Five | FIFE |
6 | Six | SIX |
7 | Seven | SEV EN |
8 | Eight | AIT |
9 | Nine | NIN ER |
Morse code
Morse codeThe morse code is used to encode text in a series of dots and dashes. Each character has its unique sequence, which can be sent over a radio signal.
character | code | character | code |
---|---|---|---|
A | ._ | 1 | . _ _ _ _ |
B | _... | 2 | .._ _ _ |
C | _._. | 3 | ..._ _ |
D | _.. | 4 | ...._ |
E | . | 5 | ..... |
F | .._. | 6 | _.... |
G | _ _. | 7 | _ _... |
H | .... | 8 | _ _ _.. |
I | .. | 9 | _ _ _ _. |
J | ._ _ _ | . | ._._._ |
K | _._ | , | _ _.._ _ |
L | ._.. | ? | .._ _.. |
M | _ _ | " | ._ _ _ _. |
N | _. | ! | _._._ _ |
O | _ _ _ | / | _.._. |
P | ._ _ . | ( | _._ _. |
Q | _ _._ | ) | _._ _._ |
R | ._. | ._... | |
S | ... | : | _ _ _... |
T | _ | ; | _._._. |
U | .._ | = | _..._ |
V | ..._ | + | ._._. |
W | ._ _ | - | _...._ |
X | _.._ | _ | .._ _._ |
Y | _._ _ | " | ._.._. |
Z | _ _.. | $ | ..._.._ |
0 | _ _ _ _ _ | ._ _._. |